This paper uses simple analytical models to study high-income donor countries' willingness to pay to supply mitigation finance to low-income countries; how this depends on modality for finance supply; and how it changes as the global greenhouse gas mitigation agenda moves forward. The paper focuses on two modalities: transformational project-based mitigation finance (transitioning from fossil to non-fossil energy use at scale), and transformational policy-based mitigation finance support (implementing comprehensive carbon taxation). These modalities are compared with conventional finance for which donors have lower willingness to pay. High-income countries' willingness to pay is higher when mitigation is combined with carbon taxation;...
This report seeks to make a contribution to scaling up energy efficiency through improved planning and design of energy efficiency interventions in the developing countries by starting with the basic management principle of What gets measured gets done. The report reviews global experience with the measurement and verification (M and V) of energy efficiency and the emerging field of recognizing the multiple benefits of energy efficiency (MBEE). Through the references, examples, data and practices highlighted in this report, this reports seeks to help practitioners demonstrate the performance of energy efficiency interventions. The overarching objective is to enable project developers, policy...
Energy efficiency is among the cheapest, cleanest, and most widely available of energy resources. Improved energy efficiency provides opportunities to sustainably expand energy services and support development and economic growth, contributing to higher living standards, as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In developing countries, where demand for energy is growing rapidly, the potential for energy efficiency improvements is significant, particularly in the residential sector. The purpose of this guide is to raise awareness of behavioral approaches to achieving development outcomes, demonstrate the role that behavioral sciences can play in promoting energy efficiency, and provide guidance on how to integrate...
In developing countries, battery storage is becoming a viable way to increase system flexibility and enable more integration of variable renewable energy. Battery energy storage systems (BESS) respond rapidly to control signals, are easy to deploy, and are benefiting from cost reduction trends. New battery technologies have valuable attributes that are well suited to the needs of developing countries. However, they have a rather short track record in terms of deployment and operation, and this can hamper efforts to reassure buyers and investors that these new technologies will perform reliably over their project life. Conditions found in some developing countries...
This paper reviews recent developments in biofuel markets and their economic, social and environmental impacts. Several countries have introduced mandates and targets for biofuel expansion. Production, international trade and investment have increased sharply in the past few years. However, several existing studies have blamed biofuels as one of the key factors behind the 2007-2008 global food crisis, although the magnitudes of impacts in these studies vary widely depending on the underlying assumptions and structure of the models. Existing studies also have huge disparities in the magnitude of long-term impacts of biofuels on food prices and supply; studies that model only...
The project “Regional potential assessment of novel bio energy crops in fifteen ECOWAS countries” was started by the different project partners based on the need to make an overall assessment of a series of novel potential bio energy crops which can or could be grown and processed in the future in the 15 ECOWAS countries. This project fits in a broader strategic analysis of alternative energy needs and production, the key mandate of the main funding partner in the project, ECREEE. The project partners deliberately excluded conventional “bio energy” crops like sugarcane, oil palm, maize or sunflower as target crops,...
The Renewables 2021 Global Status Report is the worldwide reference document for the market, policy, and technology trends in renewable energy for 2020. Crowdsourced from hundreds of contributors from industry, NGOs, governments, and academia across the world, this year’s report raises a fundamental question: what is holding the world back from using the COVID-19 crisis as an opportunity for transformation? REN21’s 2021 report shows that governments need to give a much harder push to renewables in all sectors, and advocates for the establishment of renewable shares as key performance indicators for both private and public decision-making processes, as well as...
This paper on sustainable bioenergy was drafted collectively by UN-Energy members, which include all of the United Nations(UN) agencies, programmes, and organizations working in the area of energy, reflecting their insights and expertise. it is intended to contribute to international discussions on the strategies and policies needed to ensure economic, sustainable, and equitable development of bioenergy in the years ahead. The paper points to key social, economic, and ecological; sustainability issues raised by the rapid development of bioenergy in both small and large-scale applications. It encompasses the entire bioenergy value chain, from production to use, with the goal of providing...
This document was developed by the renewable energy department of the Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre looks at different waste methods to generate energy. Key Words: waste to energy, biogas, gasification, composting and fermentation, incineration
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